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Quadruple doses of steroids reduce acute asthma attacks in adults.

In accordance with the recent research, one can reduce acute asthma attacks by increasing the content of steroids in inhaler.
In previous research led by scientists at the University of Nottingham the inhaling of double doses was not efficient in preventing the frequency of dangerous asthma attacks. Therefore, NIHR funded a new study in order to find out if quadrupling of steroid doses can be more beneficial.
About 300 million suffer from asthma throughout the world. One should mention that acute attack of this disease can lead to definite health issues and even death. Let alone the costs of asthma to health services. During acute asthma attack patients require hospitalization, oxygen treatment, bronchodilators and high doses of steroids which may cause adverse effects.

How it was discovered

In accordance with official reports, in the United Kingdom 3 patients die from asthma daily. However, one can prevent two thirds of the deaths if the patients have written asthma action plan with outlined medications they have to take.
During the study, which involved about 2000 patients from UK, scientists compared 2 asthma self-management plans. Half of the patients got a plan, which included inhaling of quadruple doses of steroids, and the other half had a usual self-care plan.
The experiment revealed that those who had quadruple doses of steroids had 20% asthma attack reduction in comparison with the usual care group.

Conclusions

Prof. Tim Harrison, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, said that four-fold increase of inhaled steroids leads to less necessity for oral steroids (for example prednisolone). Also it causes less cases of hospitalization and fewer cases of death.
This innovative approach can make big difference to 5.4 million asthma sufferers in the UK. Besides, it can greatly improve the quality of life of asthma patients worldwide. However, those who want to increase their dose should consult with heath care professionals first.

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Viagra became a perfect killer of metastatic cancer

A new study published in the journal OncoImmunology revealed that Viagra in a combination with flu vaccine can be efficient in fighting metastatic cancer.

 

These two rather inexpensive and clinically approved drugs may become a solution of major obstacle in fighting cancer. If clinical trials confirm this discovery, Viagra + vaccine can solve the immunity problem, which occurs after operation.

 

Initially scientist developed Viagra to improve blood flow to cardiac muscle. However, it came into medical practice as a treatment for erectile dysfunction. Recent experiment showed that it can be a powerful tool against more dangerous diseases.

Moreover, the hidden properties of this “universal” drug continue to reveal themselves. For instance, several years ago scientists found out that sildenafil (the major agent of Viagra) can be antimicrobial.

Hvordan det fungerer

Today we know that Viagra suppresses the activity of PDE-5 – enzyme, which regulates the blood flow into penis. It also controls the functioning of different immune cells. After operation for tumor removal numerous immune mechanisms become suppressed. Therefore, researchers suggested that by suppressing this enzyme they can restore the function of immune cells.

In this study a group of researchers tested different combinations of sildenafil and other drugs on mice with aggressive types of cancer. When cancer was at a stage of metastasis, scientists excised the tumor and injected high dosage of sildenafil combined with vaccine, which became a lure for immunity.

They discovered that without treatment the quantity of metastases increased from 40 to 150, which led to quick death of an animal. In case of treatment with Viagra, the quantity of metastases reduced to 11. Therefore, the blocking of PDE 5 stimulates activity of “killer cells” which are responsible for fighting cancer.

Now researchers are planning to conduct 1St. stage of clinical trials with 24 volunteers from Ottawa hospital. In case of success, Viagra will become one of the most efficient tools against cancer.

You can buy Viagra here.

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Tamoxifen and raloxifene slow down the muscular dystrophy

Steroids were probably the only cure for recurrent inflammation and disease progression in patients with muscular dystrophy. However, according to the recent study published in American Journal of Pathology a new way of treatment was discovered.

Scientists found out that selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), namely Tamoxifen and Raloxifene, can greatly improve the function of respiratory, skeletal and heart muscles. These drugs also enhanced bone thickness in mice of both sexes having the same genetic deviations as in patients with muscular dystrophy.

According to Dr. Qi Long Lu, director of the Muscular Dystrophy Research Laboratory, there is an advantage of SERMs treatment comparatively to steroids treatment. Firstly, steroids make improvement of muscular functions to a lesser extent than SERMs do. Secondly, SERMs increase bone thickness, meanwhile steroids may cause osteoporosis and increase bone fragility.

During this study a group of mice with genetic defects identical to human muscular dystrophy (including dystroglycanopathy) was treated with Tamoxifen (2, 10, or 50 mg/kg), Raloxifene (50 or 100 mg/kg). The experiment lasted for one year. Researchers found out that these SERMs delay or even stop the progress of this disorder.

In one month, Tamoxifen and Raloxifene significantly reduced muscular pathology and the number of degenerating fibers. In one year, control group displayed great variety of muscle fiber size with multiple inflammatory foci. Whereas the treatment group had much less damage and inflammation.

Besides, SERMs also reduced collagen accumulation in limb muscles and increased the function of all types of muscles including cardiac and respiratory ones.

Additional benefits of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene

Among other SERM benefits one should mention:

  • Elimination of focal infiltration in the diaphragm
  • Improvement of breathing ability.
  • Enhanced bone density in the tibia and femur,
  • Improvement of grip strength of both forelimb and hindlimb muscles
  • Increase of running ability on a treadmill test depending on the dose

“As we can see, SERMs therapy has high therapeutic potential and can be a very efficient alternative to steroid treatment,” noted Dr. Qi Long Lu.

You can buy Tamoxifen here.

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Anapolon  (Oxymetholone)

In the very beginning Oxymetholone (aka :anadrol:, Anapolon) was developed as a cure for bone brittleness, anemia, and for gaining weight in patients with weight loss.

Nowadays it belongs to most efficient steroids in sports.

Steroid characteristics

  • Anabolic properties – 320% (comparing to testosterone)
  • Androgenic properties – 30%
  • Aromatization (transformation into estrogens) – no
  • Hepatotoxicity – medium
  • Available forms – tablets; rarely oily injections
  • Duration of action – 16 hours
  • Half-life – 9 hours
  • Detection time – up to 3 months

Effects

  • Increases muscle mass. Anadrol belongs to a group of most efficient steroids. During Anapolon cycle one can get up to 15kg of muscle mass. However, after steroid withdrawal a rollback phenomenon takes place – one can lose up to 30% of gained mass due to water retention.
  • Significantly increases strength
  • Improves joints and ligaments. It greatly reduces joint pain owing to increased synthesis of synovial fluid.
  • Decreases the levels of sex hormone binding globulins (SHBG) – which makes other anabolic hormones (including your own testosterone) more efficient.
  • Enhances stamina

Bivirkninger

17-alpha-alkylated group in its molecule makes this drug resistant to destruction. It also makes it toxic to the liver. However, toxicity of Oxymetholone is rather exaggerated. Recent studies revealed that at moderate doses (50mg/day or less) it doesn’t affect the liver.

Oxymetholone is not an aromatizable steroid, however it can cause gynecomastia, water retention, high blood pressure etc. This happens due to progestin activity, though it is lower than in Nandrolone and Trenbolone. Therefore, at high doses you should take prolactin blockers.

In case of overdose it may cause diarrhea, worsen appetite and nausea. Oxymetholone suppresses endogenous testosterone production to a lesser degree than other steroids.

Usage

The length of a cycle should be 4-6 weeks. Do not exceed 6 weeks due to possible hepatotoxicity. The usual dosage is 50mg/day, the maximal dose is 100mg/day. Note that higher doses do not provide further gains, meanwhile the risk of side-effects increases.

At the end of your cycle it is necessary to take testosterone boosters and estrogen blockers (:clomiphene:, :tamoxifen:) for 3-4 weeks in order to restore the synthesis of endogenous testosterone. :tamoxifen: is a bad option in this case, because it stimulates progestin receptors.

In order to optimize the effectiveness of your course, take proper sports nutrition and follow a weight gaining diet. Consult your doctor before taking Oxymetholone.

Kombinasjoner

You can combine Oxymetholone with different steroids, however you should avoid  17-alpha-alkylated ones, as it may produce negative effect on the liver. Often bodybuilders take Anapolon  for a “quick start” – the anabolic effect manifests itself very quickly, providing significant increase in strength and body weight.

Combination of Anapolon  with other steroids allows you to get the optimal results. This happens due to its ability to reduce the level of SHBG, thus increasing the concentration of steroid hormones.

For mass gaining cycles Anapolon goes well with :sustanon250:, :boldenone:, :primobolan:. Do not stack it with :nandrolone: and :trenobolone:, as it can increase the risk of progestin-related side-effects.

The combination of Anapolon  with :stanozolol: will provide a great increase of strength. However, you should be careful in this case.

Oxymetholone is not good for cutting cycles due to water retention. Before going to stage professional bodybuilders take 100-250 mg of oxymetholone (one-time) to provide fullness to their muscles.
You can buy Oxymetholone here

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Testosterone cypionate

Testosterone cypionate is a long-chained testosterone ester which comes in the form of oily solution. Its half-life is about 2 weeks. Due to the long half life its ability to cause water retention is more expressed than in other steroids.  Usually bodybuilders take it in muscle gaining combinations.

It performes the same functions as endogenous testosterone, which is responsible for major male traits  – libido, aggression and muscle growth. It affects anabolic receptors which leads to nitrogen retention in muscle cells and subsequently causing synthesis an accumulation of proteins. Besides it increases the level of IGF1, which is also an anabolic hormone.

Testosterone cypionate is an aromatizable steroid, therefore it can cause estrogen related side-effects – gynecomastia, water retention, decreased libido and testicular atrophy. However, one can prevent these adverse effects if the substance is taken correctly.

Effects and Side-effects of Testosterone Cypionate

This anabolic steroid significantly increases muscle mass, strength and endurance. However, due to water retentions the muscle mass may decline by 30% after the end of a cycle.

Besides, due to aromatization it is necessary to take aromatase inhibitors (:letrozole:, :anastrozole:) and estrogen blockers (:tamoxifen:, :clomiphene:). The antiestrogens will make your cycle safe. For more information about these compounds, see the article Post Cycle Therapy

Like testosterone itself, Cypionate can cause androgenic side-effects which include acne, body hair growth, baldness (in case of genetic predisposition) etc. In order to prevent these side-effects one should take Propecia (:proscar:), which blocks the transformation of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone.

Dosering og bruk

Though Testosterone cypionate is a long acting steroid one should do a weekly injection in order to keep the high concentration of steroid in the blood.

The usual dosage for muscle gaining cycle is 250-500mg/week. It is not recommended to exceed the dosage of 800-1000mg/ week as it doesn’t provide further gains, while the risk of side-effects significantly increases.

If the length of your cycle exceeds 4 weeks, you should take gonadotropin at the dose 500 IU /week starting from the 3rd week.

Kombinasjoner

You can combine Testosterone Cypionate with :nandrolone: (200mg/week). The dosage of Cypionate is the same (200mg/week).

You can buy Testosterone Cypionate here.

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Nandrolone

Nandrolone – (aka Nandrolone Decanoate, 19-nortestosterone, Deca etc.) is an anabolic steroid, which is naturally produced in human organism after heavy exercises or during pregnancy. It has high anabolic and low androgenic properties.

Its molecular structure lacks carbon in position 19, therefore it is similar to progestins. That is why its androgenic properties are low, as compared to testosterone.  However, progestin-like structure and its ability to bind to progesterone receptors entails certain side-effects.

Steroid characteristics

Anabolic properties – 150% (comparing with testosterone)

Androgenic properties – 30%

Transformation into estrogens – low

Liver toxicity – low

Available forms – injection

Duration of action – 2 weeks (half-life – 7 days)

Doping tests – detectable up to 1.5 year

Endogenous testosterone suppression – high (owing to progestin-like structure)

Effects

  • Increases muscle mass (one can get up to 8 kg of muscle mass during Nandrolone cycle
  • Strengthens bones (initially it was a cure for osteoporosis) and ligaments
  • Reduces joint pain
  • Increases endurance
  • Improves immunity (even in AIDS patients)
  • Improves the absorption of nutrients in intestine

Bivirkninger

Nandrolone belongs to safe steroids. Due to low androgenic properties acne, alopecia, prostate enlargement are extremely rare. Usually they occur when the recommended dose is exceeded many times.

Though Nandrolone can transform into estrogens without aromatase, the rate of this conversion is very low (5 times less than in testosterone) Therefore Nandrolone has no estrogen related side effects (e.g gynecomastia). They are possible only in case of overdose. All above said explains the popularity of this substance among athletes.

It may also cause headache, rhinitis, back pain, rash, high blood pressure, abdominal pain, irritability,  depression.

Progestin-related side effects

By attaching to progestin receptors in hypophysis, nandrolone increases prolactin production and inhibits gonadotropic hormones. Prolactin in its turn may decrease the endogenous testosterone production (thus decreases libido) and rarely may cause gynecomasia.

However, these side-effects can be easily prevented by using prolactin inhibitor – Cabaser (Cabergoline). This drug also greatly enhances sexual drive and improves the quality of orgasm (both in men and in women).

Besides it was recently discovered that Winstrol can act as antiprogestin agent, so one can combine Nandrolone and Winstrol together.

Dosering og bruk

This drug causes slow but steady growth of muscle mass. Unlike testosterone and similar agents, it doesn’t produce pullback phenomenon, so the gained muscles remains.

The usual dose is 200 mg/week, however you should start with lower dosage and gradually increase it. The length of Nandrolone cycle is 2 months; however, some bodybuilders use it up to 6 months.

During Nandrolone cycle it is obligatory to take testosterone in order to prevent unwanted effects of low testosterone and progestin.

Do injections once a week. Due to long activity (about 2 weeks) you don’t have to do frequent injections. However, if the dosage is high, it’s better to divide it into 2-3 injections.

The maximal dose is 600mg/week, but in this case the risk of side effects increases. Therefore, one can achieve better results doing two cycles at moderate doses with a break, rather than in one cycle at extreme doses.
In order to get maximal results one should take sports nutrition and follow a mass gaining diet.

PCT

If your cycle is longer than 2 months than chorionic gonadotropin is required. In case you didn’t use gonadotropin during your cycle, use it in the end, before (!) PCT.

You can prevent progestine side-effects by using bromocriptine (1.25mg 2 times a day), also starting from 2nd week and ending 2-3 weeks after the final injection.

However it’s better to take Cabaser instead of bromocriptine (0.25mg every 4th day during the course and 2-3 weeks after it).
You can also reduce prolactin production by taking Winstrol from the second week of your cycle.

In order to restore hypothalamus-pituitary-testicles axis you need to take Clomiphene citrate (50-100 mg with a gradual decrease) starting from the last week of a cycle and ending 2-4 weeks after it. Tamoxifen is bad option in this case, because it increases the number of progesterone receptors and thus, increases sensitivity.

Combinations with Nandrolone

Nandrolone makes a good combination with Testosterone, which helps to reduce the side effects of the former. It is highly advised to use testosterone with Nandrolone. The dosage of testosterone should exceed the Nandrolone doses approximately two times.

One can also combine it with Dianabol e.g. Dianabol  20-40mg/day , Nandrolone 200mg/week, however testosterone is also necessary in this cycle.

The best combination with Nandrolone :

Nandrolone 100-300mg/week

Testosteron Enanthate / Cypionate / Sustanon  500mg/week

Cabaser (Cabergoline) – 1 tab/week

Aromatase inhibitors.

You can buy Nandrolone here

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Clenbuterol – a drug for weight loss

In the beginning Clenbuterol (aka Clen) – was used as a cure for asthma. Nowadays it is a drug of choice among bodybuilders and other athletes owing to its fat-burning properties.

In cutting cycles it is usually stacked with Zaditor (Ketotifen) to quicken the weight loss. It does not belong to steroids, therefore women can use it without the hazard of androgenic adverse effects. Its half-life is about 35 hours

Hvordan det fungerer

Clenbuterol has affinity to beta-2 adrenergic receptors in fat and muscle tissues. This binding initiate a chain of reactions, which causes buildup of cAMP. In its turn cAMP induces enzymes that initiate lipolysis in fat cells.

The effects of Clenbuterol

  • Increases the levels of noradrenaline and epinephrine, both of them are powerful lipolitic agents.
  • Enhances metabolism
  • Stalls lipoprotein lipase, thus blocking fat deposition.
  • Increases the production of thyroid hormones – which also act as fat burners.
  • By inhibiting ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, Clenbuterol provides anticatabolic effect. Thus, it prevents destruction of muscles, which is important for athletes.
  • Activation of Crtc / Creb proteins causes anabolic effect
  • Enhances stamina and strength
  • Increases mental activity
  • Decreases appetite

Dosering og bruk

The common dosage for men is 120-140mcg/day. Women should take it at the dosage 80-100mcg/day.

The length of a cycle is two weeks. After that period the tolerance occurs and efficiency is reduced. Then you have to take a two-week break using Zaditor, and then repeat the cycle. If you don’t use Zaditor, you have to prolong the recovery period.

Note: For optimal results you should follow a weight-losing diet, take BCAA and cortisol blockers during your cycle.

Clenbuterol without Zaditor

(days : dosage)

1: 20μg (0.02mg)

2: 40μg (0.04mg)

3: 60μg (0.06mg)

4: 80μg (0.08mg)

5: 100μg (0.10mg)

6-12: 120μg (0.12mg)

13: 80μg (0.08mg)

14: 40μg (0.04mg)

Break (more than 2-week)

Gradually increase the dosage within the 1st week. Take it in the morning in order to avoid insomnia. When the dosage becomes higher, divide it into two portions and take them in the morning and after lunch.

Clenbuterol + Zaditor (Ketotifen)

Zaditor is an antiallergic drug, which restores the sensitivity of receptors to Clenbuterol. This happens owing to inhibition of phosphodiesterase – enzyme that regulates cAMP-dependent metabolism.

Therefore with the help of Zaditor, you can speed up the weight loss by 15% and prolong your cycle up to two months. Besides, Zaditor helps to reduce agitation, tremor and other side-effects.

(Days : dosage)

1: 20μg

2: 40μg

3: 60μg

4: 80μg

5: 100μg + 1mg Zaditor

6-27: 120μg + 2mg Zaditor

28: 80μg + 2mg Zaditor

29: 50μg  + 1-2mg Zaditor

30: 33-35μg + 1mg Zaditor

Break (2 weeks)

Note: Take Zaditor at night, Clenbuterol – in the morning.

Side effects (frequency)

  • Heart palpitation (60%) – you can eliminated it by beta-1-adrenoblockers (5 mg of Zebeta (Bisoprolol), or 50 mg of metoprolol in the morning).
  • Tremors (20%) – (you can remove the symptoms by Zaditor)
  • Sweating (10%)
  • Insomnia (7%) – (you can remove the symptoms by Zaditor)
  • Anxiety (6%) (you can remove the symptoms by Zaditor)
  • High blood pressure (6%) (you can remove the symptoms by 5 mg of Zebeta, or 50 mg of metoprolol in the morning.)
  • Diarrhea (5%) – usually occurs only during initial stage of drug administration
  • Nausea (3%)
  • In rare cases headache is possible, mostly due to high blood pressure.

As you can see most of the side effects can be removed by Zaditor and Zebeta (or metoprolol). Besides some side-effects are pronounced during initial stage of Clenbuterol intake. They may completely disappear in several days. Do not use alcohol during Clenbuterol cycle.
You can buy Clenbuterol here

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Testosteron enanthate

Testosterone enanthate is a representative of testosterone esters. Probably this is one of the most favorite anabolic substances among bodybuilders. It has long period of action, which depends on metabolic rate and hormonal background of an athlete.

On average, it remains active for 2 weeks (its half-life is about 7 days). Usually athletes do a weekly injection to keep high concentration of the hormone in blood.

Steroid characteristics

Anabolic properties – 100%

Androgenic properties – 100%

Transformation into estrogens – Yes (aromatase inhibitors are required)

Suppression of hypothalamus-pituitary-testicles – Yes

Liver toxicity – No

Available forms – injection

Duration – 2 weeks

Doping test – detectable during 3 months

Effects

The major benefit of Testosterone enanthate usage is a rather fast gaining of muscular mass and strength. This is the reason of its popularity among bodybuilders and powerlifters.

Testosterone enanthate can also solve the joint problems in athletes who suffer from joint pain, however :decadurabolin: and HGH are more preferable for these issues.

It also induces the regenerative mechanisms, improves general well-being and increases endurance.

Bivirkninger

The major problem of testosterone enanthate usage is transformation into estrogen, which can cause estrogen related adverse effects: gynecomastia, water retention. However, with the invention of anti-estrogens this is not a problem anymore.

Note that aromatase inhibitors (e.g. :letrozole:) are taken during the cycle. Meanwhile estrogen blockers – after the cycle (when the action of steroid is over, therefore you need to check its half-life). As testosterone enanthate suppresses the axis of hypothalamus-pituitary-testes, estrogen blockers (e.g. :clomiphene:) are necessary to restore the production of endogenous testosterone.

In case of prolonged cycles, high doses or combinations, human chorionic gonadotropin is necessary to use starting from the 3rd week and ending in 2-3 weeks after the end of a cycle.

Testosterone enanthate can also cause androgenic side effects such as acne, high blood pressure, increased aggression, baldness etc. Women should avoid taking this substance due to high risks of virilization.

Dosering og bruk

The effect of this steroid is dosage dependent. The usual dosage is 250-500mg/week, which is injected once a week (or two times at regular intervals if the dose is high). Commonly the cycle lasts 2 -2.5 months. PCT begins in two-three weeks after the end of a cycle. For optimal results you should follow a mass–gaining diet including sports nutrition.

Testosterone enanthate is an aromatizable substance. So, in order to avoid estrogen-related adverse effects one should take aromatase inhibitors starting from the 2nd week of a cycle. This therapy must go on up to the one week after the end of a cycle.

In order to keep the gained muscle mass one should take cortisol blockers after the end of a cycle.

Kombinasjoner

For mass-gaining purposes this steroid is stacked with :anadrol:, :dianabol:, :decadurabolin: and :parabolan.

Example of stacking

Deca Durabolin 200-250mg/week

Testosterone enanthate 500mg/week.

Note: aromatase inhibitors are necessary in this cycle.

For cutting purposes Testosterone enanthate makes good combinations with :stanozolol: or :oxandrolone (moderate doses).

You can buy Testosterone enanthate here.

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Halotestin (fluoksymesteron)

Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin, Halotest) is an oral steroid with high androgenic and anabolic properties. Its major application is in increasing strength, muscular hardness and aggression, without increase of body weight. Therefore it is taken before competition by those who want to keep weight category (power athletes, fighters etc.). Halotestin has high liver toxicity.

Steroid characteristics

Anabolic properties – 1900% (comparing to testosterone)

Androgenic properties – 850%

Transformation into estrogens – No

Suppression of HPG axis – Yes

Liver toxicity – High

Available form – tabs

Duration – 6-9 hours

Doping test – detectable during two months

Pharmacological properties and effects

In medical practice Halotestine was used to treat hypogonadism and delayed puberty in men, as well as breast cancer in women. However, nowadays it is out of use. Fluoxymesterone is about 5 times stronger than methyltestosterone.

Halotestine is close relative of methyltestosterone. It is produced by altering testosterone molecule in 3 positions: a 17-alpha-methyl group, an 11-beta-hydroxy group, and a 9-fluoro group.

  • 17-alpha-methyl group prolongs the half-life of the substance by neutralizing the destructive effect of liver enzymes.
  • 11-beta-hydroxy group blocks enzymatic transformation of steroid into estrogen, thus preventing estrogen-related side-effects (gynecomastia, water retention etc.).
  • 9-fluoro group increases its androgenic properties by facilitating reduction of this steroid in 5a position, which leads to transformation into dihydrotestosterone.

By increasing the amount of red blood cells Halotestin improves endurance and performance – more erythrocytes deliver oxygen to muscles with higher efficiency. Fluoxymesterone also has fat-burning properties, though there are much safer substances for this issue, e.g. :winstrol:, :oxandrolone:.

Bivirkninger

Owing to high level of dihydrotestosterone, which is 8.5 times higher than in testosterone, the side-effects of Halotestin are similar to other androgenic steroids. They include hypertrophy of prostate, prostatic adenoma, hair loss (in case of genetic predisposition), growth of body hair, acne etc. Women should avoid using it due to high risks of virilization.

There may be cardiovascular problems – high blood pressure and increased cholesterol. Halotestin is toxic to the liver. In order to reduce above mentioned side-effects you should follow a healthy lifestyle: avoid taking alcohol or other liver unfriendly substances, include omega 3 fatty acids into your diet, keep your skin clean. In case of evident side-effect discontinue usage of Halotestin.

Dosering og bruk

The optimal daily dosage of Fluoxymesterone is 10mg. You should not exceed the maximal dosage of 20mg/day. Prolonged usage (more than 6weeks) may lead to sexual dysfunction.

We have to remind that Halotestin is not efficient in gaining mascle mass (growth of muscle tissue) even in combinations with other compounds. However it is very powerful substance in increasing strength and aggression. Therefore you should take it shortly before the competition.

You can buy Halotestin here.

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IGF-1 – Insulin-like growth factor-1

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (also known as somatomedin С, IGF-1) is a peptide hormone, which is similar to insulin. It is the main intermediate of growth hormone activity. Therefore it is responsible for childhood growth and besides produces anabolic effect in adults, initiating muscular hyperplasia.

Its effects are identical to the effects of human growth hormone (HGH), however the latter doesn’t act independently. Today we know that HGH forces the liver to release IGF-1 into the blood, which in turn produces “growth hormone effects” – fat burning, growth of muscle fibers etc.

IGF-1 has different varieties: Mechanical Growth Factor (MGF), LR3, DES. IGF is taken parenterally (using syringe). 100 mcg of IGF-1 is equal to 16-25 IU of HGH.

IGF-1 LR3 and IGF-1 DES

There are several types of IGF-1: IGF-1 LR3 and IGF-1 DES. Since the natural molecule (70 amino-acids) has rather short half-life (about twenty minutes) its effects are short-term. Therefore scientists modified the molecule and created 2 stable peptides:  IGF-1 LR3 (83 amino-acid residues) and IGF-1 DES (67 amino-acid residues).

Both types have common effects with endogenous IGF-1, but different in strength and duration of action. IGF-1 LR3 is about 2 times stronger than endogenous IGF-1, its half-life is about 25 hours. It effectively prevents the uptake of glucose, thus making the organism burn fats as a source of energy.

IGF-1 DES lacks the first three amino-acid residues of natural sequence, therefore it does not bind to plasma proteins. It is about 10 times more active than natural analogue, its half-life is about 30 minutes. As for bodybuilding purposes, IGF-1 DES is more preferable, since it affects more receptors simultaneously, including those that were affected by lactic acid. Therefore it is more efficient in initiating muscular hyperplasia than IGF-1 LR3.

Though they are not yet clinically tested, there are reports about their application in bodybuilding and both types showed great results.

According to these reports IGF-1 LR3 injections were administered every day at the dose 50-150 μg. Desensitization occurs in 3-4 weeks.

Due to shorter half-life one can make IGF-1 DES injections (50-150μg) several times a day, preferably before and after training. The usual length of a cycle is four weeks.

Effects of Insulin-like growth factor-1

The main advantage of this substance is stimulation of muscular hyperplasia. This is especially important for aged athletes, as it is rather difficult to initiate muscular hyperplasia with age.

You can achieve optimal results by combining IGF-1 injections with special training: 10-12 sets per muscle group with 12-20 repetitions per set (with a minimum pause between sets). Follow a protein-and-carbohydrate rich diet during your cycle.

Besides IGF-1 has fat burning effect. In this aspect it is more efficient than synthetic :somatropin:. However, it has quite different mechanism of action, therefore one can expect synergistic effect in combination of IGF-1 with HGH.

Conclusions

The optimal dose of Insulin-like growth factor-1 is 100 μg per day. You can make local injections (to stimulate definite group of muscles) or systemic (to achieve fat burning effect). There are reports that daily injections are not necessary, the optimal solution is 2-4 injections per week (on training days).

While using this substance one should be very attentive to your body, since it can also stimulate the growth of different kinds of tumor.

IGF-1 has also beneficial effect on cardiovascular system and can restore heart muscle.

The effect of IGF-1 on female organism is not yet studied. However, it becomes a very promising substance for fat burning issues.

You can buy IGF-1 here.